Reflection Seismic 2D/3D

The reflection seismic acquisition consists of generating acoustic waves on surface and registering the amplitude variations for the waves train reflected from subsoil. These wave amplitude variations are caused for acoustic impedance (density x velocity) changes between different subsoil layers.
Acoustic waves can be generated using mechanical punchers and/or explosive (located source) or Vibroseis (controlled source). The amplitude variations are measured using several geophones (2D profiles or 3D mesh) and registered by a centralized acquisition system (seismograph) or by decentralized nodes.
In both 2D and 3D cases, the horizontal dimension is space and the vertical one is time which with processing is converted to depth, after estimation of subsoil velocities.